What characterizes an active search in water rescue operations?

An active search in water rescue operations is characterized by being initiated when the last known location of a missing person is determined. This approach is crucial because it allows rescuers to focus their efforts on a specific area where the individual was last seen, increasing the chances of a successful recovery. Establishing an initial point of reference is essential for coordinating search efforts effectively, deploying various search methods, or utilizing resources like boats, divers, or search personnel within the vicinity of that location.

The other choices represent factors that do not define an active search effectively. A search lacking a plan would likely be disorganized and less effective. Conducting a search at night is not inherently an active search, as active searches can occur at any time of day and may be hindered by limited visibility. Similarly, while technology can be a valuable tool in searches, relying exclusively on it would detract from the hands-on, dynamic nature of an active search that benefits from the presence and initiative of trained responders.