Which body position helps a swimmer absorb shock in water?

The body position that helps a swimmer absorb shock in water is lying on the back with knees bent. This position allows the swimmer to distribute the impact forces over a larger area of the body, reducing the risk of injury upon entry into the water. When on the back, the buoyancy of the body helps to mitigate the effects of impact, while the bent knees can absorb some of the shock by flexing upon entry. This technique is especially important when entering water at a height or when the water's surface is rough.

Casualties can increase if the swimmer is upright or head-first; these positions concentrate the force of entry on smaller areas—such as the head or feet—making injuries more likely. Being vertical with knees bent may help to some extent, but it does not provide the optimal shock absorption benefits that come from the back position. Similarly, being face down can lead to significant impact and potential injury, as the head and torso would bear the brunt of the force without the cushioning effect of the water. Overall, the back position with bent knees is the most effective for shock absorption in water.